Brake pads: signs it's time to replace them

Pads are a consumable, and how well the bike stops depends on their condition. In autumn, damp, dirt and road salt wear them faster, so now is a good time to check.

• Look at the pads from the side in the caliper: most have a wear groove or minimum mark. If about 1–2 mm of friction material is left, replace them.
• Listen for noise: a shrill squeal or metallic grinding means the lining is nearly gone and the steel backing is touching the disc.
• Feel the lever: if it travels further and the brake bites later, check the pads and the fluid level.
• Inspect the disc: deep grooves, a ridge at the edge or bluish patches mean overheating or riding on worn pads.
• Always replace pads as a pair on the same disc, then pump the lever a few times until it firms up and bed them in gently at low speed.